Kobold language
|
Эта статья нуждается в переработке. Причина: требуется перевод |
Кобольдский язык один из языков с которым встретится игрок. В игре язык используется для имён, групп и цивилизаций кобольдов.
Kobold is governed by different rules than the four main languages. Kobolds have the UTTERANCES creature token, which means their language has no pre-defined vocabulary. Instead, the language consists entirely of proper names built by hard-coded rules, which are detailed below.
Kobold-language words do not actually have a proper English translations; however, Kobold-language objects and individual kobolds will maintain the same name over time.
Алфавит и графемика
The letters of the Kobold alphabet are:
| 1 | 2 | 3 | 4 | 5 | 6 | 7 | 8 | 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15 | 16 | 17 | 18 | 19 | 20 | 21 | |||||||||||||
| Прописные буквы | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | O | P | R | S | T | U | Y | |||||||||||||
| Строчные буквы | |||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
| a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | o | p | r | s | t | u | y | |||||||||||||
Of these 21 letters, six (A, E, I, O, U, and Y) represent vowels, while the other fifteen represent consonants.
Peculiarities:
- The letter h only appears in the digraphs ch and sh.
- The letter n only appears in the digraphs ng, nk, and sn.
- The letter y only appears in the digraph ay.
The letters Q, V, W, X, and Z of the ISO basic Latin alphabet do not occur in the Kobold alphabet.
Частота букв
Based on a sample of 120 kobold names, the approximate letter frequencies can be established:
| Буква | Частота |
|---|---|
| a | 7.8% |
| b | 4.7% |
| c | 0.9% |
| d | 3.6% |
| e | 4.2% |
| f | 2.4% |
| g | 4.3% |
| h | 3.6% |
| i | 8.6% |
| j | 1.5% |
| k | 2.9% |
| l | 10.8% |
| m | 1.9% |
| n | 2.7% |
| o | 4.9% |
| p | 1.3% |
| r | 8.1% |
| s | 11.4% |
| t | 3.6% |
| u | 9% |
| y | 1.9% |
Фонотактика
The Kobold language has 16 distinguishable consonant phonemes, forming the phonological consonant inventory:
| Labial | Dental | Alveolar | Post-alveolar | Velar | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Nasal | m [m] | n [n*] | |||
| Plosive | p [p], b [b] | t [t], d [d] | k [k], g [g] | ||
| Affricate | ch [t͡ʃ], j [d͡ʒ] | ||||
| Fricative | f [f] | th [θ] | s [s] | sh [ʃ] | |
| Approximant | r [r] | ||||
| Lateral | l [l] |
*The phoneme represented by n likely has the allophone [ŋ] before g and k.
Слоги
Kobold has three kinds of syllables, primary, secondary, and final. Every word is composed of one or two primary syllables, zero to three secondary syllables, and one final syllable. Words must begin with a primary syllable, end with a final syllable, the penultimate syllable must be a primary syllable, and all others must be secondary syllables. Therefore, the following structures are allowed:
| No. of syllables | Structure |
|---|---|
| 2 syllables | 1-F |
| 3 syllables | 1-1-F |
| 4 syllables | 1-2-1-F |
| 5 syllables | 1-2-2-1-F |
| 6 syllables | 1-2-2-2-1-F |
Первичные слоги
Every primary syllable is of the syllable structure C1(C2)V. C1 is mandatory, and can be one of many consonants; C2 is an optional approximant, which can be either r or l; and V is a vowel.
- The allowed consonants for C1 are: b, ch, d, f, g, j, k, l, p, s, sh, st, t, and th.
- The allowed consonants for C2 are: r, l, or nothing.
- Exception: The consonant cluster ll is forbidden.
- The allowed vowels for V are: a, ay, ee, i, o, and u.
- Exception: The digraph vowels ay and ee can only be present in the penultimate syllable of a word (if this is also the initial syllable, it is still allowed).
Вторичные слоги
Every secondary syllable is of the simple form CV. C is one of a handful of consonants, and V is a vowel.
- The allowed consonants for C are: b, d, f, g, k, and l.
- The allowed vowels for V are: a, i, o, and u.
Финальные слоги
Every final syllable is of the structure (C1)C2R. C1 is optional, and can be r, l, n, or m, though their allowed usage is limited; C2 is mandatory, and can be one of several consonants; R is a rime that is limited to one of the four endings -er, -in, -is, or -us.
- The allowed consonants for C1 are: r, l, m, and n.
- r is only allowed before b and sn.
- l is only allowed before b, d, g, and m.
- n is only allowed before g and k.
- m is only allowed before b.
- The allowed consonants for C2 are: b, d, g, k, m, l, r, and sn.
- The allowed rimes for R are: er, in, is, and us.
Note that the consonant C1 is likely not meant to actually begin the final syllable, but rather to be appended to the penultimate syllable. For example, the kobold name Krudulugrilgus would be enunciated as Kru-du-lu-gril-gus, not Kru-du-lu-gri-lgus.
Лексика
As mentioned above, Kobold has no set vocabulary, being formed entirely of procedurally generated proper names. The shortest possible words would be 5 letters and 2 syllables, like jomus. While nothing known about the rules of the language limits the length of a word, the longest observed word so far is the personal name Stradabachreelbus at 17 letters and 6 syllables.
