Repeater

Генератор импульсов — устройство, генерирующее периодически команды включить-выключить. Существует несколько конструкций таких устройств, использующие жидкость или животное, нажимающее на нажимные плиты.

Жидкостные системы используют способность воды перетекать с плиты на плиту и разницу высот, а также насосы. Животные нажимают плиты, стараясь найти путь через периодически закрывающийся лабиринт (двери, шлюзы, мосты).

Всегда оставляйте возможность аварийной остановки и доступа дварфов для модификации или починки.

Данная статья помечена как не оконченная. Вы можете прочитать эту статью на английском или помочь проекту её переводом.

Wave repeater

The simplest (non-borg) repeater is simply a wave traveling through a channel, as described in this forum post.

╔══════╗ ╔══════╗ ║[#F0F]^.....║-->║[#0FF]7[#0FF]7[#0FF]7[#0FF]7[#0FF]7[#0FF]6║ ╚══════╝ ╚══════╝

A single 6/7 water tile flows through the channel, occasionally triggering a pressure plate set to trigger on 0-6/7 water. To get the right amount of water in it, it's simplest to fill it all the way, then designate it as a water source (and perhaps another location as a pond) until a dwarf takes away a single bucket full of water.

As designed (5 tiles of non-triggering water, 1 tile of triggering water), this setup triggers rapidly, on par with the repeaters described below. Counter-intuitively, making it smaller, or removing more water, slows the action of the repeater. This is because the pressure plate never gets a chance to recover from its triggering, for which it needs 100 ticks.

It's possible to make a design that can be easily started and stopped, even one that conserves water, but such systems are complex, when the beauty of this design is its simplicity. If it needs to be stopped for maintenance, one is probably best off simply dropping another bucket of water in it.

Генератор импульсов на жидкостной логике

The traditional repeater design is probably this fluid-based one, described on the forum by AncientEnemy):

≈≈≈≈≈ — бесконечный источник воды
═╗≈╔═ — wall to channel out after construction
 ╠F╣  — запорный шлюз (связан с внешним рычагом)
 ║#║  — 1-тайловый подъёмный мост (связан с нажимной плитой)
 ║p┼  — нажимная плита (срабатывает на уровень воды 7/7) и дверь для доступа
 ╠F╣  — шлюз (связанный с нажимной плитой)
 ╚═╝

So long as the shutoff floodgate isn't closed, water from an infinite source flows on to the pressure plate, causing the raising bridge to block access to the water source and destroy water in the circuit, while the opening of the southern floodgate compensates for the space taken up by this bridge. This water destruction mechanic means that, unlike many fluid logic circuits, this repeater needs no drainage. The single pressure plate works both to regulate the repeater, and as output.

This repeater toggles fairly slowly, about once every 300 steps, making it suitable for operating repeating bridges, floodgates, and upright spikes. Off signals tend to follow on signals about 200 ticks later. As an added bonus, the southern wall can be removed and connected to a cistern whose water level will be automatically maintained at a level between 3 and 4 deep-- perfect for swimming!

For an alternate water-based repeater, consider the design at User:SL/Logic_Gates#Repeater which demonstrates a two level, hybrid repeater.

Гоблинский генератор импульсов

Designs based on creature logic are also possible. The following example is compact, reliable, and fairly predictable.

╔═╗ ═══╝[#FF0]¢╚══ [#F00]p[#FF0]¢[#FF0]^[#FF0]¢[#00F]¢[#F0F][#00F]^[#00F]¢[#F00]p ══╗[#00F]¢╔═══ ╚═╝

A captured goblin placed between the two pressure plates drives this system in his attempts to reach map edge through paths ¢p. ^ is linked to all ¢, and ^ is linked to all ¢, as well as to output. This gives the goblin a path away from his constrained tile every 100 ticks. Delays in picking up path tend to make it run a cycle every 250 ticks. with on and off signals separated by about 120 ticks. Its rate of repetition can be doubled by hooking both ^ to output, although this leads to close placement of on and off signals.

Создание часов

Although the law of big numbers means that, over large enough intervals, the preceding irregular repeaters can be used to run a clock, designs that generate perfect clock signals are also possible.

Данный механически-жидкостный генератор импульсов будет отправлять регулярные сигналы с частотой, определяемой скоростью восстановления нажимной плиты. Базовая конфигурация требует 4 помп и 4 нажимных плит, но возможны модификации, в зависимости от числа необходимых отдельных этапов.

Level 0	Level -1	Level -2
██[#ff0]☼███ █[#00f]☼[#c0c0c0]☼[#c0c0c0]☼[#808000]═[#808000]═ ███[#c0c0c0]☼[#f00]☼█ ███[#0f0]☼██ ██████	█[#000]█[#0f0]÷[#008000]÷[#000]██ █[#008000]÷██[#0f0]÷█ █[#0f0]÷██[#008000]÷█ █[#000]█[#008000]÷[#0f0]÷[#000]██ ██████	█[#f00]^██[#0f0]^█ ██████ ██████ █[#ff0]^██[#00f]^█ ██████

÷÷ — помпа, качает со светлой стороны на тёмную. ^ - нажимная плита, которая высвобождает шестерню ☼, когда вода глубиной 1-7 давит на неё. Цвета плит и шестерёнок лишь указывают на связи друг с другом. В игре они все будут выглядеть как ^ и ☼. Постройка помпы после питающей шестерни или шестерни после управляющей нажимной плиты создаёт задержку в 1 шаг. Если строить строго помпы, затем шестерни, затем плиты, то вся система работает с периодом 400 шагов. Если в обратном порядке, то за 408. Для запуска генератора понадобится 2 ведра воды, вылитые на одну плиту. Это делается через разметку пруда.

The device as depicted uses 47-62 power during operation, and requires 62 power for startup. Drive train to power may, of course, lead to higher requirements. Once the two units of water are introduced to the system, water is conserved perfectly.

См. также: NStepCyclicRepeater] for generalizable n-step clock generator instructions.

SelfPoweredHaltableRepeater demonstrates clock generation with integrated water reactor.

Forum thread has more description and explanations.

DFMA movie shows the action of pump-based clock generation.

Задержка

Clock generation is closely related to the concept of delay: making a signal reach a target a certain amount of time after it is created. Any non-mechanical circuit introduces delay in a signal-- the simplest form of delay is an identity gate. The clock signal generator described above is unique in that it introduces a consistent delay. Any consistent delay can be used for clock generation. There are three known consistent intervals in Dwarf Fortress with which to fashion a clock signal generator: the reset delay associated with a pressure plate sending a close signal; the rate with which a creature falls; and the amount of time that a screw pump will continue to pump after losing power. Any (or all) of these delays can be involved in a clock signal generator.